{"id":3498,"date":"2023-11-13T17:56:39","date_gmt":"2023-11-13T16:56:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/?p=3498"},"modified":"2023-11-23T17:50:11","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T16:50:11","slug":"la-galerie-et-le-lavoir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/index.php\/2023\/11\/13\/la-galerie-et-le-lavoir\/","title":{"rendered":"La galerie et le lavoir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La galerie<\/strong>&nbsp;est un souterrain de 3000 m\u00e8tres creus\u00e9 de 1842 \u00e0 1846, par la compagnie Michel et Armand, pour permettre l\u2019exploitation des mines de charbon situ\u00e9es au sud de Fuveau, \u00e0 Belcod\u00e8ne et \u00e0 Gr\u00e9asque. Le principe consistait \u00e0 drainer les eaux de ruissellement et \u00e0 \u00e9vacuer les eaux de nappes souterraines qui inondaient les chantiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La sortie de la galerie est situ\u00e9e au pied du village<\/strong>&nbsp;(\u00e0 proximit\u00e9 du lotissement \u00ab&nbsp;les Fontaines&nbsp;\u00bb) et remonte vers le sud. Lors des travaux de creusement, quatorze puits ont \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9nag\u00e9s pour \u00e9vacuer les d\u00e9combres. Le puits num\u00e9ro 1 se trouve \u00e0 cot\u00e9 de la Maison des Associations (puits en travaux en octobre 2002). Le puits num\u00e9ro 10, nomm\u00e9 puits L\u2019Huillier, est situ\u00e9 au lieu-dit Jas de Bassas. La galerie dessert ensuite le puits num\u00e9ro 15, puis va rencontrer la \u00ab&nbsp;grande mine&nbsp;\u00bb qu\u2019elle suivra en affleurement, sous le nom de \u00ab&nbsp;galerie des pi\u00e9montais&nbsp;\u00bb, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 se diviser en deux branches sous Gr\u00e9asque.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"301\" src=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/coupe-galerie.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3499\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/coupe-galerie.jpg 605w, https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/coupe-galerie-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le d\u00e9bit d\u2019eau \u00e0 la sortie \u00e9tait consid\u00e9rable et variait, bien s\u00fbr, selon les saisons et les intemp\u00e9ries. Apr\u00e8s de fortes pluies, il pouvait atteindre 100m3 par minute ! Le village a su en tirer parti :&nbsp;<strong>une roue hydraulique a \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9e au puits 1 pour permettre aux habitants de s\u2019approvisionner en eau potable<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00e0 la force des bras, un moulin a \u00e9t\u00e9 b\u00e2ti en aval, et plus bas, les champs ont pu \u00eatre irrigu\u00e9s.<br><br>Plus tard, une pompe hydraulique a \u00e9t\u00e9 install\u00e9e pour monter l\u2019eau dans un r\u00e9servoir de 60m3, situ\u00e9 dans la maison de \u00ab&nbsp;l\u2019ancien four&nbsp;\u00bb (toujours existante aujourd\u2019hui, face \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9glise). Cette installation a permis la desserte en eau des premi\u00e8res fontaines du village.<br><br><strong>Les mines fonctionnaient alors \u00e0 plein r\u00e9gime, employant 300 fuvelains<\/strong>&nbsp;; cette p\u00e9riode de r\u00e9volution industrielle fut pour Fuveau la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique \u2026et les pompes pompaient : jusqu\u2019\u00e0 33m3 par minute au puits L\u2019Huillier. Ces pompes \u00e0 vapeur fonctionnaient avec le charbon qu\u2019elles permettaient d\u2019extraire, mais les rendements \u00e9taient mauvais : \u00e0 plein r\u00e9gime, elles consommaient la moiti\u00e9 de la production ! De temps \u00e0 autre, l\u2019exploitation \u00e9tait interrompue pour cause d\u2019inondations, les pompes ne suffisant plus ou s\u2019arr\u00eatant, elles aussi inond\u00e9es.<strong><br><br>En 1873, une nouvelle \u00e9tape dans la modernisation a \u00e9t\u00e9 franchie en construisant le lavoir<\/strong>.<br>Cela permit aux femmes de laver leur linge dans de meilleures conditions.<br><br>Des lavandi\u00e8res professionnelles travaillaient pour le compte de leurs clients. La derni\u00e8re d\u2019entre elles, Madame Corti, exer\u00e7ait encore dans les ann\u00e9es 1950.<br><br>Une pr\u00e9cipitation d\u2019ampleur exceptionnelle inonda&nbsp;<strong>en 1886<\/strong>&nbsp;le puits L\u2019Huillier, d\u00e9truisant en partie les installations :&nbsp;<strong>son exploitation fut alors abandonn\u00e9e<\/strong>, mais la galerie continuera \u00e0 remplir ses fonctions pour les autres puits de mines plus au sud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lorsque Monsieur Verminck acheta le ch\u00e2teau Freugier et les maisons qui \u00e9touffaient l\u2019\u00e9glise en 1903, la commune eut l\u2019id\u00e9e de faire creuser sous la future place un bassin d\u2019environ 350m3 aliment\u00e9 par une toute nouvelle pompe \u00e0 vapeur. Plus tard on la remplacera par une pompe \u00e9lectrique. Ce bassin a \u00e9t\u00e9 combl\u00e9 en janvier 2002 \u00e0 cause des risques d\u2019effondrement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gr\u00e2ce au bassin Verminck, la distribution de l\u2019eau dans le village se d\u00e9veloppe<\/strong>&nbsp;au fil de la premi\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du si\u00e8cle, puis \u00e0 partir de 1960 sur toute la commune au travers d\u2019un r\u00e9seau d\u2019adduction g\u00e9r\u00e9 par la SEM. L\u2019eau de la galerie, de moins en moins g\u00e9n\u00e9reuse (arr\u00eat des mines \u2013 creusement de la \u00ab&nbsp;galerie \u00e0 la mer&nbsp;\u00bb \u2013 diminution des pr\u00e9cipitations, dit-on) devra \u00eatre compl\u00e9t\u00e9e par des adductions depuis le canal \u00e0 ciel ouvert (S.C.P.), afin de suffire aux besoins de la population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce n\u2019est qu\u2019en 1985, que l\u2019eau sous pression du Canal de Provence, intarissable, desservira les r\u00e9seaux de Fuveau.<\/strong><br><br>Notre galerie de Fuveau, la vraie, la souterraine, a apport\u00e9 l\u2019Eau et le Travail \u00e0 plusieurs milliers d\u2019Hommes. Moins brillante que la Galerie des Glaces, moins c\u00e9l\u00e8bre aussi, elle aura \u00e9t\u00e9 tellement plus utile aux Fuvelains !<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"226\" src=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/galerie-sortie.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3500\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"226\" src=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/lavoir.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3501\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/place-verminck-demolition-reservoir.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3502\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La galerie&nbsp;est un souterrain de 3000 m\u00e8tres creus\u00e9 de 1842 \u00e0 1846, par la compagnie Michel et Armand, pour permettre l\u2019exploitation des mines de charbon situ\u00e9es au sud de Fuveau, \u00e0 Belcod\u00e8ne et \u00e0 Gr\u00e9asque. Le principe consistait \u00e0 drainer les eaux de ruissellement et \u00e0 \u00e9vacuer les eaux de nappes souterraines qui inondaient les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3499,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","iawp_total_views":12,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sites-remarquables","post-preview"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La galerie et le lavoir - Petites et grandes Histoires de Fuveau<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fuveau.net\/index.php\/2023\/11\/13\/la-galerie-et-le-lavoir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La galerie et le lavoir - Petites et grandes Histoires de Fuveau\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La galerie&nbsp;est un souterrain de 3000 m\u00e8tres creus\u00e9 de 1842 \u00e0 1846, par la compagnie Michel et Armand, pour permettre l\u2019exploitation des mines de charbon situ\u00e9es au sud de Fuveau, \u00e0 Belcod\u00e8ne et \u00e0 Gr\u00e9asque. 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